Improvement in steam-generators and furnaces



UNITED TATEs PATENT OEEICE.

JoNATHAN AMoEY, or vvEsT ROXBUEY, MAssAcEUsETTs.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-GENERATORS AND FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 103,408, dated May 24,1870.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JONATHAN AMORY, of West Roxbury, in the county ofNorfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement inSteam Generators; and I do hereby declare that the following, taken inconnection with the drawing which accompanies and forms part of thisspecification, is a description of my invention sutllcient to ena-blethose skilled in the art to practice it.

This invention relates to an improvement upon my invention patentedApril 19, 1859, and reissued August 29, 1865, in which the gasesliberated from the solid fuel are intercepted before they pass ott' intothe chimney, and are caused to eddy and intermix with themselves andwith heated air, so as to insure the combustion of the gases.

In my said patented invention I made use of what I termed curves, bywhich I formed combustion chambers or spaces, in which the liberatedgases were intercepted, as before stated, and, being ignited andconsumed, added to the caloriiic e'ect produced.

My present invention consists in combining, with combustion-curves in asteamgenerator, conduits through which the water in the gen erator willpass from the generator to the combastion-curves, where heat is added tothe water, and back to the generator, with an automatic, free, a-ndrapid circulation.

As the water in passing the combustioncurves is heated by absorption ofcaloric produced at that locality by combustion of the gases there, thecurves are thereby protected in a measure from the destructive eii'ectsof intense heat.

The curves may be made of masonry, firebrick by preference, or of metal,in which case they may be made as well-stayed hollow tanks, connectedwith the water in the generator at two points or levels, one lower thanthe other. When they are made of masonry, then I make use of pipes, moreor less embedded therein, for conduits, said pipes being connected withthe water in the steamgenerator at two points on different levels, asdescribed, for the curves when made as stayed metallic tanks.

The water in the conduits will follow the well-known law governing thecirculation of heated fluids when fuel is consumed in the furnace, andwill enter from the generator at the lowest level, and, rising as it isheated by the combustion at and about the curves, will flow through theconduits back into the generator at the highest level.`

Figure 1 shows, in sectional side elevation, a boiler orsteam-generator, which may be of any of the known types, set with afurnace in brick-work, and so as to embody my present invention, thesection being merely of the briclrwork, which is represented aspartially removed to exhibit the parts beyond. Fig. 2 is across-sectional elevation, the section being taken in the line y y, andthe elevation showing in looking from the rear toward the furnace end.Fig. 3 is-a view similar to Fig. 2, the section being taken on the linezz, Fig. 1, and the elevation being that seen in looking toward thefront of the boiler. Fig. 4 is a central vertical longitudinal sectiontaken in the plane of the line a: x, Figs. 2 and 3.

c is the steam-generator, which is to be partly filled with water. b arethe furnacegrates, beyond which, toward the rear of the boiler a, arethe curves c and d, which form the combustion-chamber, iu which thegaseswhich proceed from the partial combustion of the fuel on the grates arecaught, eddied, and mixed, and also mingled with heated air andconsumed.

The drawings represent the said curves as constructed of masonry; but itwill be evi dent that they might be made of metal, as de scribed in myaforesaid patent and reissue, or as water and steam tight tanks, stayedagainst rupture from internal pressure.

The curve c, which serves as the bridge-wall of the furnace, is made, inpractice, with its upper edge concentric with the boiler, where placedunder it and about four inches from it, for Hue-space, through which thegases pass into the space between the curves, while the upper edge ofthe rear curve, d, is brought nearer the boiler-dsay, about two inchesdisA tant from it-so as to check the flow into the flue beyond.

In the flue e, beyond the curve d, are located pipes, which receive airat their open rearends, and pass it forward into the space between thecurves, the air being heated on its passage into the combustion-chamber.One of these pipes, h, is connected with a cross-pipe, i, set in themasonry of curve c, said pipe al being perforated with small holes, asseen in Fig. 3, through which the heated air escapes into the spacebetween the curves to mingle with the gases therein. The other pipe, f,connects with a cross-pipe, g, perforated as and for the same purposewith pipe i, and set in the Inasonry ofl curve d. l

In each curve, if made of masonry, is set one or more conductors orpipes, which are connected with the Water in the steam-genen ator, asseen atjj and 7c kf, the pipes jj proceedin g from the steam-generatorfrom a lower level than the pipes k 7c', and both sets of pipes openinginto or from the generator at points below the Wateitlevel therein, sothat circulation through said pipes will be estabblished and maintainedfrom the generator through the said conduits or pipes back to thegenerator again, as indicated by the arrows seen in the drawing. ThisWater, whether passing through pipes in metal or masonry curves orthrough metal-tank curves, absorbs the heat generated by the combustionof the gases in the space boundcdby the curves, and saves them fromdestruction, and adds greatly to the evaporative efficiency of theboiler.

It is immaterial how the hot current proceeds after leaving lue c,though if it contains more heat than is necessary for the establishmentof a sufficient chimney-draft, it may be made to pass over the top oftheboiler from the rear to the front and back again to the chimney by meansof suitably-arranged fines.

The space beneath the curves c and d is constructed like a hopper, toreceive ashes and other solid matter which may deposit there, and whichmay be removed through a door, Z, communicating with the ash-pit.

Though I have described my invention as in connection with a doublecurve, it will be apparent that it may be used Well With but 011e curve.

I claimln steam-generators, the combination of one or morecombustion-curves with one or more conduits, arranged for circulatingthe water from the generator through the curve or curves back to thegenerator, additionally heated, substantially as set forth.

' JONATHAN AMORY.

Vitnesses:

J. B. CROSBY, L.,H. LATIMER.

